Get started for free
Log In Start studying!
Get started for free Log out
Chapter 1: Problem 63
Which of the following endocrine abnormalities is not commonly associated withmultiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1 ? a. hyperparathyroidism b. pituitary tumours c. pancreatic islet cell tumours d. pheochromocytoma
Short Answer
Expert verified
Option (d) - pheochromocytoma
Step by step solution
01
Understanding Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) type 1, also known as Wermer's syndrome, is a hereditary condition characterized by the development of tumors in multiple endocrine glands.
02
Common Glands Affected by MEN Type 1
The three most commonly affected glands in MEN type 1 are the parathyroid glands, the pituitary gland, and the pancreas. This helps us identify which abnormalities are associated with MEN type 1.
03
Evaluating Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition where the parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone. This is a common feature in MEN type 1, so option (a) can be associated with MEN type 1.
04
Evaluating Pituitary Tumors
Pituitary tumors are also frequently seen in MEN type 1 patients. This means option (b) is associated with MEN type 1.
05
Evaluating Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumors
Pancreatic islet cell tumors occur in the pancreas and are another common manifestation in MEN type 1. Therefore, option (c) is associated with MEN type 1.
06
Evaluating Pheochromocytoma
Pheochromocytoma is a type of tumor that arises from the adrenal gland, and it is more commonly associated with MEN type 2, not MEN type 1. Therefore, option (d) is not commonly associated with MEN type 1.
07
Conclusion
Since pheochromocytoma is not commonly associated with MEN type 1, the correct answer is option (d).
Key Concepts
These are the key concepts you need to understand to accurately answer the question.
hyperparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism occurs when the parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). The parathyroid glands, situated near the thyroid, regulate calcium levels in the body. Overproduction of PTH leads to elevated calcium levels in the blood, a condition known as hypercalcemia. Common symptoms include bone pain, kidney stones, excessive urination, and fatigue. In Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN 1), hyperparathyroidism is frequent, as tumors or hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands develop, causing increased PTH.
pituitary tumors
Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths in the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain. The pituitary gland produces hormones that influence growth, metabolism, and reproductive functions. Tumors in this gland can affect hormone production, either increasing or decreasing hormone levels. Symptoms vary based on hormone impact but may include headache, vision problems, and hormonal imbalances. In MEN 1, pituitary tumors are common and can result in conditions such as acromegaly (excess growth hormone) or Cushing's disease (excess ACTH production).
pancreatic islet cell tumors
Pancreatic islet cell tumors arise from the hormone-producing cells of the pancreas. These tumors can be functional, producing various hormones like insulin, or non-functional, not producing active hormones. Functional tumors may cause symptoms based on the hormone they secrete, such as low blood sugar in insulin-secreting tumors (insulinomas). Non-functional tumors might go unnoticed until they grow large. In MEN 1, these tumors are frequent and vary widely in their hormonal secretions, leading to diverse clinical presentations.
pheochromocytoma
Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal glands, which sit atop the kidneys. These tumors produce excess catecholamines, hormones that include adrenaline. Symptoms include high blood pressure, heart palpitations, sweating, and headaches. Although pheochromocytomas are most commonly linked with MEN 2, they are notably absent in MEN 1. This distinction is crucial for differentiating between MEN types, as pheochromocytomas do not typically align with MEN 1’s profile, making their presence much more indicative of MEN 2.
One App. One Place for Learning.
All the tools & learning materials you need for study success - in one app.
Get started for free
Most popular questions from this chapter
Recommended explanations on Biology Textbooks
Genetic Information
Read ExplanationBiological Molecules
Read ExplanationSubstance Exchange
Read ExplanationMicrobiology
Read ExplanationResponding to Change
Read ExplanationOrgan Systems
Read ExplanationWhat do you think about this solution?
We value your feedback to improve our textbook solutions.
Study anywhere. Anytime. Across all devices.
Sign-up for free
This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Accept
Privacy & Cookies Policy
Privacy Overview
This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience.
Always Enabled
Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information.
Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.